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std::initializer_list

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C++
 
Bibliothèque d'utilitaires
 
std::initializer_list
Les fonctions membres
Original:
Member functions
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initializer_list::initializer_list
Capacité
Original:
Capacity
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initializer_list::size
Les itérateurs
Original:
Iterators
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initializer_list::begin
initializer_list::end
Tiers fonctions
Original:
Non-member functions
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std::begin
std::end
 
Défini dans l'entête <initializer_list>
template< class T >
class initializer_list;
 (depuis C++11)
Un objet de std::initializer_list<T> type est un objet proxy léger, ce qui permet d'accéder à un tableau d'objets de T type, affecté par la mise en œuvre dans le stockage non précisée (qui pourrait être automatique, temporaire ou statique en lecture seule mémoire, en fonction de la situation)
Original:
An object of type std::initializer_list<T> is a lightweight proxy object, which provides access to an array of objects of type T, allocated by the implementation in unspecified storage (which could be automatic, temporary, or static read-only memory, depending on the situation)
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Ce tableau est initialisé et un objet std::initializer_list est construit quand un contreventés-init-list est utilisé dans liste d'initialisation, y compris initialisation de la liste d'appel de fonction et expression d'affectation (à ne pas confondre avec liste d'initialisation du constructeur), ou lorsque contreventés- init-list est lié à auto, y compris dans une boucle for .. variait
Original:
This array is initialized and a std::initializer_list object is constructed when a braced-init-list is used in liste d'initialisation, including function-call list initialization and assignment expression (not to be confused with liste d'initialisation du constructeur), or when braced-init-list is bound to auto, including in a ranged for loop.
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Liste d'initialisation peut être mis en œuvre comme une paire de pointeurs ou des pointeurs et de la longueur. Copie d'un std::initializer_list ne copie pas les objets sous-jacents. Le tableau sous-jacent n'est pas garanti d'exister après la durée de vie de l'objet liste d'initialisation d'origine est terminée .
Original:
Initializer list may be implemented as a pair of pointers or pointer and length. Copying a std::initializer_list does not copy the underlying objects. The underlying array is not guaranteed to exist after the lifetime of the original initializer list object has ended.
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Sommaire

[modifier] Types de membres

Type de membre
Original:
Member type
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 Definition
value_type T
reference const T&
const_reference const T&
size_type size_t
iterator const T*
const_iterator const T*

[modifier] Les fonctions membres
crée une liste d'initialisation vide
Original:
creates an empty initializer list
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(fonction membre publique) [edit]
Capacité
Original:
Capacity
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renvoie le nombre d'éléments dans la liste d'initialisation
Original:
returns the number of elements in the initializer list
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(fonction membre publique) [edit]
Les itérateurs
Original:
Iterators
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renvoie un pointeur du premier élément
Original:
returns a pointer the first element
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(fonction membre publique) [edit]
renvoie un pointeur sur une après le dernier élément
Original:
returns a pointer to one past the last element
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(fonction membre publique) [edit]

[modifier] Tiers fonctions

(C++11)
std::begin spécialisée
Original:
specializes std::begin
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(fonction générique) [edit]
(C++11)
std::end spécialisée
Original:
specializes std::end
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(fonction générique) [edit]

[modifier] Exemple

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <initializer_list>
 
template<class T>
struct S {
    std::vector<T> v;
    S(std::initializer_list<T> l) : v(l) {
         std::cout << "constructed with a " << l.size() << "-element list\n";
    }
    void append(std::initializer_list<T> l) {
        v.insert(v.end(), l.begin(), l.end());
    }
    std::pair<const int*, size_t> c_arr() const {
        return {&v[0], v.size()};  // list-initialization in return statement
    }
};
 
template<typename T>
void templated_fn(T) { }
 
int main()
{
    S<int> s = {1,2,3,4,5}; // direct list-initialization
    s.append({6,7,8});      // list-initialization in function call
    std::cout << "The vector size is now " << s.c_arr().second << " ints:\n";
    for(auto n : s.v) std::cout << ' ' << n;
    std::cout << '\n';
 
    std::cout << "range-for over brace-init-list: \n";
    for(int x : {-1, -2, -3}) // the rule for auto makes this ranged for work
        std::cout << x << ' ';
    std::cout << '\n';
 
    auto al = {10, 11, 12};   // special rule for auto
    std::cout << "The list bound to auto has size() = " << al.size() << '\n';
 
//    templated_fn({1,2,3}); // compiler error! "{1,2,3}" is not an expression,
                             // it has no type, and so T cannot be deduced
    templated_fn<std::initializer_list<int>>({1,2,3}); // OK
    templated_fn<std::vector<int>>({1,2,3});           // also OK
}

Résultat : 

The vector size is now 8 ints:
 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
range-for over brace-init-list: 
-1 -2 -3 
The list bound to auto has size() = 3
Récupérée de « http://fr.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/utility/initializer_list&oldid=39136 »